When NASA-NOAA’s Suomi NPP satellite passed over Lorenzo, it analyzed the storm again in infrared light. 30, Lorenzo had weakened to a Category 2 hurricane as wind had decreased to 105 mph. 29), the National Hurricane Center or NHC Public advisory stated that Hurricane Lorenzo had winds of 110 mph, making it just barely a Category 3 hurricane. A generic classification for lee waves, mountains waves, and many other waves that form in the atmosphere.Īt 0300Z on September 30 (11 p.m. NOAA defines a gravity wave as a wave created by the action of gravity on density variations in the stratified atmosphere. They can be as big as tens of miles in diameter or smaller such as a mile or less, and can be immensely intense. Mesovortices are small-scale rotational features found in convective storms, such as found in the eyewall of tropical cyclones. This isn’t that unheard of, but still worth noting.” Straka said, “Something interesting to note is that the mesospheric gravity waves from Lorenzo could be seen up to 1,180 km (733 miles) away. The strength of the storm also was producing mesospheric gravity waves.
“As with other strong hurricanes, the eye was well defined along with mesovortices seen,” said William Straka III, a researcher who created some Suomi NPP images at the University of Wisconsin – Madison, Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC), Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS). They can do that because infrared data provides temperature information, and the strongest thunderstorms that reach highest into the atmosphere have the coldest cloud top temperatures. Tropical cyclones are made of up hundreds of thunderstorms, and infrared data can show where the strongest storms are located. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard Suomi NPP provided infrared data on Lorenzo. 29, after Lorenzo’s peak when it weakened back to a Category 4 hurricane. The Suomi NPP satellite passed over the eastern Atlantic Ocean on Sept. Other years with more than one Cat 5 storm include 1932, 1933, 1961, 2005, 20. Earlier this year Dorian reached Category 5 strength, so this year joins only six other years that contained more than one Cat 5 storm since records began. The others include Dorian, Michael, Maria, Irma and Matthew.
Over the past 3 years, six storms attained that level of intensity. There have been 26 Category 5 storms since 1960 with Lorenzo being the latest. It also had the lowest air pressure east of 50 degrees west longitude when the pressure dropped to 925 millibars. 28, when Lorenzo attained Category 5 (Cat 5) strength on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale it was in a place more than 600 miles east-northeast of the previous record Cat 5 storm. Credit: NASA/NOAA/UWM-CIMSS, William Straka The eye was well defined and there were mesovorticies seen. 29, after Lorenzo weakened back to a Category 4 hurricane. NASA-NOAA’s Suomi NPP satellite provided infrared data over two days provided forecasters with changes in the storm’s eye, powerful thunderstorms and gravity waves it was creating. Lorenzo has also attained and contributed to some other significant statistics. 28 and 29, Hurricane Lorenzo attained Category 5 strength briefly, becoming the strongest hurricane on record in the eastern-most Atlantic Ocean. 30, 2019 – NASA-NOAA’s Suomi NPP Analyzes Record-Setting Hurricane Lorenzo
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